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武强非遗木板年画技艺国家级传承人——马习钦

发布时间: 2024-05-11  |  来源: 中国网  |  作者: 王愉扬

马习钦正在绘制“六子争头”年画线稿,为雕版工序做准备。

Ma Xiqin is drawing a line drawing of the New YearPicture"SixKids Competing for One Head", to prepare for the engraving process.

河北省武强县作为国家扶贫开发重点县,在2018年实现了高质量脱贫。脱胎于此、生长于此的武强年画,风格强烈、历史悠久,于2006年入选“国家非物质文化遗产保护名录”。马习钦是武强木版年画的唯一国家级传承人。近年来,他响应党的二十大号召,在年画技艺保护、传承、发展与创新等方面做出了积极贡献,不断推进以武强年画为基础的非遗文旅产业融合发展。

武强年画的印制分为绘图、雕版及印刷三个工序,三道工序相辅相成,缺一不可。年画以红、黄、蓝为主要颜色,因此每种图案需要雕刻红、黄、蓝及黑色四块不同颜色的印版,通过传统套色法手工印刷,具有极高的艺术与技术价值。马习钦深耕木版年画制作领域数十年,以精益求精的钻研与探索为武强年画的发展开拓了新境界。

武强县以本地年画技艺为基础,建立了武强年画博物馆。博物馆于1992年建成对外开放,是全国第一家年画专题博物馆,以收藏、保护、展示和研究年画为主要任务,为人们了解和欣赏年画提供了重要的平台。以年画博物馆为龙头,全县带动了40余家年画作坊的生产和销售,未来武强县将成为世界最大的年画产业及相关衍生品生产基地。

Wuqiang County in Hebei Province, as a national key county for poverty alleviation and development, achieved high-quality poverty alleviation in 2018. Wuqiang New Year pictures, which were born and raised here, have a strong style and a long history, and were selected in"National Intangible Cultural Heritage Protection List" in 2006. Ma Xiqin is the only national inheritor of Wuqiang woodblock New Year pictures. In recent years, he has responded to the call of the 20th National Congress of the CPC, made positive contributions to the protection, inheritance, development and innovation of Wuqiang New Year pictures, and continuously promoted the convergence and development of the inheritage culture and tourism industry based on Wuqiang New Year pictures.

The printing of Wuqiang New Year pictures is divided into three processes: drawing, engraving and printing, which are complementary and indispensable. As red, yellow and blue are the main colours of New Year pictures, each pattern requires four different woodblocks to be engraved for colouring red, yellow, blue and black, and then printed by hand through the traditional overprinting technique, which is of high artistic and technical value. Ma Xiqin has been focusing on the creation of New Year pictures for decades, and has opened up new horizons for the development of New Year pictures with his research and exploration for excellence.

Wuqiang New Year Picture Museum was established by Wuqiang County based on local New Year picture techniques. Built and opened to the public in 1992, the museum is the first thematic museum of Chinese New Year pictures in China, which takes collection, protection, display and research of Chinese New Year pictures as its main task, and provides an important platform for people to understand and appreciate Chinese New Year pictures. With the Museum as the leader, the county has driven the production and sales of more than 40 workshops of New Year picrures, and in the future Wuqiang County will become the world's largest production base of New Year pictures industry and related derivatives.

马习钦正在绘制“六子争头”年画线稿,为雕版工序做准备。

Ma Xiqin is drawing a line drawing of the New YearPicture"SixKids Competing for One Head", to prepare for the engraving process.

马习钦正在整理并清点雕版所需的工具。

Ma Xiqin is organising and counting the tools needed for engraving.

马习钦正在雕刻印版。武强木版年画以红、黄、蓝为主要颜色,通过套色法印刷。

Ma Xiqin is engraving woodblocks. Wuqiang woodblock New Year Pictures use red, yellow and blue as their main colours, andprinted byoverprinting

已雕刻完毕的印版需要上色后使用,在套色工序中红、黄、蓝、黑四块印版缺一不可。

The engraved woodblocks needs to be coloured and then used. The four woodblocks, red, yellow, blue and black, are indispensable in the process of printing.

马习钦正在检查印刷完毕的老虎年画。“老虎”是武强木板年画的六种传统图样之一。

Ma Xiqin is checking the printed tiger New Year picture."Tiger" is one of the six traditional patterns of Wuqiang woodblock New Year pictures.

这是马习钦印刷完毕的“六子争头”年画。“六子争头”是武强木板年画最为传统与经典的图案之一。

This is"SixKids Competing for One Head", which isis one of the most classic patterns of Wuqiang woodblock New Year pictures.

河北省武强县以本地年画技艺为基础,建立了武强年画博物馆,为人们了解和欣赏年画提供了重要的平台。

Wuqiang County has established the Wuqiang New Year Picture Museum based on local techniques, which provides an important platform for people to understand and appreciate New Year pictures.